Remediation of River Eutrophication
Harpreet Kaur, MLWS 2022
Water eutrophication is one of the most serious global issues as water quality and scarcity become more common. Most research, conducted to date, have focused on eutrophication linked with lake, wet land and ocean ecosystems or other zones with little movement of water into and out of the system, largely because algal blooms, which are associated with eutrophication grow quickly water zones where the water. becomes anoxic. In contrast, the river ecosystem is a complex and unique area of concern, in terms of eutrophication moving waters are dynamic systems, with continuous mixing that maintains toxic conditions, not a condition for eutrophication. Although river eutrophication is common in regions dense populations and industries river eutrophication is becoming a more common and serious problem as these regions often rely on the river for potable water. Thus, river water remediated has received little scientific attention and at present the focus has been on either controlling sources of the where pollution is entering the river or by treating the polluted water as an effluent, an expensive alternative, especially in lesser developed countries. However, it is better to control the sources rather to treat the polluted water. The systematic review was conducted to find innovative approaches to resolve this problem. As a case study, the Sutlej River of Punjab, India was selected as a case which is a good example of river eutrophication. The River is experiencing rapid eutrophication as the result of rapid industrialization, and urbanization. The review resulted in three major source sites responsible for affecting the river water. The analysis led to the suggestion that phycoremediation and the application of ecosystem activation system technology could serve as an effective management option to address this serious condition. However, it is important and the responsibility of the state government, the general public, industries, and water management societies to collaborate on this developing issue and to take appropriate actions.
